Stakeholders’ Perspectives on Technological and Policy Approaches to Climate Resilience and Sustainable Development in Crop–Livestock Systems

Abstract

Climate change represents one of the most critical challenges facing crop–livestock systems, posing significant risks to food security and sustainable agricultural production. This study aimed to examine stakeholders’ perspectives on technological innovations and policy approaches for enhancing climate resilience and promoting sustainable development in integrated crop–livestock systems. A survey-based research design was employed using a structured questionnaire. The study population included agricultural experts, livestock specialists, researchers, faculty members, and policymakers. A total of 385 respondents participated in the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS software through descriptive statistics, including mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentage. The findings indicate that respondents strongly perceive current agricultural systems as vulnerable to climate change (Mean = 4.52). There was strong agreement regarding the necessity of climate resilience (Mean = 4.56), the essential role of modern technologies (Mean = 4.26), the importance of economic incentives (Mean = 4.45), and the alignment of agricultural policies with Sustainable Development Goals (Mean = 4.34).s The results suggest that integrating technology, economic instruments, and institutional policy coordination can significantly reduce production vulnerability and strengthen food security. These findings provide evidence-based insights for designing sustainable agricultural policies